eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
1
11
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75891
75891
Original Article
SPECTRODENSITOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF NICOTINAMIDE IN SOME MULTIVITAMIN PREPARATIONS
S. Ismaiel
1
W. Haney, Jr.
2
E. Abdel-Moety
3
Research Directorate Misr Company for Pharmaceutical Industries, El-Mataria, Cairo, Egypt
School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri, Kansas-City, Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, U.S.A.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr EI-Aini, Cairo, Egypt
A sensitive, highly selective and stability indicating procedure for the determination of nicotinamide in some multi-vitamin preparations is described. The procedure is based on thin-layer chromatographic separation of nicotinamide from other constituents of the dosage form, the reaction with aniline and cyanogen bromide vapours, and spectrodensitometric determination at 468 nm. The method is suitable for content uniformity studies.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75891_6263e0fa9be68de34e7e1a2af971ef67.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
12
24
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75892
75892
Original Article
A CAST FILM APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF IN-VITRO DRUG RELEASE FROM OINTMENTS AND CREAMS
Ahmed Nouh
1
Esmat El-Deen
2
M. Hanaa Mahmoud
3
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
The release rate of Nystation from a casted film of Amphocerin-E and Dehymuls-K ointment bases was investigated. The role of surfactants in enhancing the drug release was also studied. The rate of release of the drug from Dehymuls-K was found markedly higher than that of Amphocerin-E. The surfactants used markedly increase the release rate of the drug from the bases. Sodium lauryl sulfate, whether present in the casted film base or in the aqueous release medium enhances the rate of release of Nystation when compared to cetrimide. The effect of surfactant is more pronounced if it was added to the release medium than when incorporated in the casted base film. Higuchi model was applied for all experimental release data, where a good correlation was observed.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75892_abc78cb15de00e4c2460dee624e7937f.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
25
46
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75894
75894
Original Article
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STABILITY OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID TABLETS PREPARED BY MICROENCAPSULATION AND OTHER PREPARATIVE TECHNIQUES
Ahmed Nouh
1
H. El-Sabbagh
2
A. Abd El-Gawad
3
M. El-Shaboury
4
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) tablets were prepared using microencapsulation, wet-granulation with hydroalcohlic gelatin dispersion and direct compression using emdex and avicel. Commercially available microencapsulated ASA tablets were used for the comparative study. Batches of tablets that showed good physical and mechanical properties and dissolution characteristics were selected for the stability study. Stability testing was carried out at ambient conditions, 52% R.H. at 20°C and finally at 95% R.H. at the same temperatures. The results were recorded at the start of the accelerated stability investigation and after subsequent one month intervals for six months storage time period. The rate of decomposition under these stress conditions was determined. There was a significant increase in tablets weight, thickness, friability percent and disintegration time. However, a marked decrease in tablet hardness and dissolution rate was observed. Maximum stability was obtained for ASA tablets directly compressed with avicel and by wet-granulation. Emdex could be considered as the most suitable vehicle at low humidity for stability of ASA tablets. The hydrolytic decomposition of the prepared tablets followed the first order pathway. Both prepared and commercial microencapsulated ASA tablets were not suitable for storage at high humidity level.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75894_96ca73b97acead85702879f07397d432.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
47
69
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75895
75895
Original Article
STUDIES OF CYCLODEXTRIN INCLUSION COMPLEXES 1- INCLUSION COMPLEXES BETWEEN -AND -CYCLODEXTRINS AND CHLORAMPHENICOL IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
A. Aboutaleb
1
Aly Abdel Rahman
2
Sayed Ismail
sayed.hussien@pharm.aun.edu.eg
3
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Chloramphenicol was found to form inclusion complexes with a-and b-cyclodextrine (a-CyD and b-CyD) in aqueous solution. Phase solubility diagrams were obtained with b-CyD and found to be BS type curve. An apparent 1:1 complex formation constant (Kc` of 8077x104 M-1 was obtained for chloramphenicol in b-CyD.
For a-CyD the phase solubility diagrams indicate AL type curves. The complex stochiometric ratios were found to be 1:1 and 1:2 (guest: host). The apparent formation constants (Kc ) for chloramphenicol in a-CyD were found to be 3017x104 M-1 and 957x104 M-1, for 1:1 and 1:2 stochiometric ratios respectively.
It was found that the aqueous solubility of chloramphenicol is enhanced by a- and b-CyD inclusion complexation than by the non-ionic surfactant solutions used in a previous study. The higher values obtained for the complex formation constants indicate a particularly good fitness of the chloramphenicol molecule within the b-and a-CyD cavities .
Microcrystalline solid inclusion complex of chloramphenicol and b-CyD 1:1 was isolated and investigated by I.R., in comparison to a physical mixture 1:1 to characterize the interaction arising between chloramphenicol and b-CyD within the complex.
The effect of certain water soluble carriers, in 5% w/v concentration on chloramphenicol complexation in a-and b-CyD cavities was investigated. The aim of adding such additives is to reduce the concentration of the CyDs used in formulating chloramphenicol in solution. It was found that propylene glycol and P.E.G. 4000 assist chloramphenicol complexation in b-CyD, forming higher Kc values; 46221 x 104 M-1 and 39883 x 104 M-1 respectively, while glycerol deminishes chloramphenicol complexation in b-CyD.
In case of a-CyD, P.E.G 4000 and propylene glycol rise Kc and Kc` for chloramphenicol respectively and the reverse is true for glycerol.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75895_8844ce387eba32cc3f37d3ea7bcb0ae0.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
70
87
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75896
75896
Original Article
SELECTIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND THIETHYLPERAZINE MALEATE IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS
S. El-Shabouri
1
A. Youssef
2
F. Mohamed
3
A. Rageh
4
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
A new spectrophotometric method for the determination of promethazine HCl and thiethylperazine maleats is presented. The method is based on the interaction of each drug with benzocaine and N-bromosuccinimide at room temperature to produce a blue colour. Optimum conditions for colour development and possible interferences have been studied. The proposed method has been applied to the analysis of both drugs in pharmaceutical preparations, the results of which are in good agreement with those obtained by the official methods of B.P. and U.S.P.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75896_e65a5325d448a3d340e49964a1d54c4f.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
88
103
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75897
75897
Original Article
EVALUATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF PHENAZOPYRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE TABLETS PREPARED WITH COMPACTROL
Hamdy Abdel-Aleem
1
Mohamed Elshaboury
2
Abdel-Gawad Abdel-Gawad
3
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride tablets were prepared at different packing fractions using the newly introduced direct compressible vehicle "compactrol". Tablets were also prepared with avicel and wet granulation technique for comparison.
The physical standards and dissolution rate of the produced tablets were investigated. Also the In-Vivo study for tablets having the highest mechanical strength was carried out. The results revealed that increasing the packing fraction was followed by an increase in tablet hardness and a decrease in friability percent. Also the disintegration time for tablets prepared by wet granulation technique was increased. However, the dissolution rate of all the produced tablets was slightly affected by the increase in the packing fraction. Compactrol produced the hardest tablets (6 Kg), of the shortest disintegration time (0.17 min.). As regards the bioavailability, avicel produced tablets with the highest bioavailability. On the other hand, the bioavailability of tablets prepared with compactrol and wet granulation was similar. Thus, phenazopyridine tablets can be prepared by direct compression technique to ensure highest mechanical strength and highest bioavailability.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75897_411777d5ca100addf53ac4eec9e8fc25.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
104
119
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75898
75898
Original Article
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF DIRECTLY COMPRESSED MEDAZEPAM HYDROCHLORIDE TABLETS
A. Aboutaleb
1
Aly Abdel Rahman
2
S. Saleh
3
M. Ahmed
4
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Medazepam, the well known benzodiazepine derivative used as a tranquilizer and in alcohol withdrawal, was prepared in directly compressed tablets. The directly compressible vehicles which were used singly or in binary blends 1:1, were Avicel, Lactose, STA-Rx 1500, Emcompress and the recently introduced vehicle, Compactrol. It was found that Avicel and Emcompress represent the most suitable efficient single vehicles used for the preparation of Medazepam hydrochloride tablets. In case of binary blends it was found that the best quality batches were prepared using Avicel : Emcompress blend 1:1. Physical characteristics including uniformity of weight, thickness, hardness, friability were investigated for the prepared batches. The effect of directly compressible vehicle variation on the uniformity of drug content and the dissolution rates of Medazepam hydrochloride tablets was also studied.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75898_23be5830c4a48a21c77abb57f33fa0bd.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
120
133
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75899
75899
Original Article
COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF CERTAIN TERTIARY AMINE DRUGS
S. El-Shabouri
1
S. Hussin
2
A. Taha
3
K. Imera
4
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
A colorimetric method is developed for the determination of four tertiary amine salts; atropine sulphate, carbetapentane citrate, strychnine hydrochloride and climazole hydrochloride, both in pure forms and in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the reaction of trinitrobenzene with ethyl acetoacetate in presence of each of the studied drugs as the free base. The absorption spectra for the developed color exhibit two maxima; one at 460 nm with higher molar absorptivity, and the other at 565 nm with lower molar absorptivity for all the studied drugs. The color formed obeys Beer's law at either wavelengths over a range of about 2-20 mg of the tertiary amine. Measurements are achieved at lmax 460 nm which is the most intense peak. Optimun conditions for the color formation have been studied and the application of this procedure to the corresponding pharmaceutical preparations is given.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75899_54819e7071ac5bde7f6f7294eb3ddb6a.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
134
142
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75900
75900
Original Article
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF NITRAZEPAM IN TABLETS
Salwa El-Shabouri
1
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
A sensitive spectrophotometric method is reported for the determination of nitrazepam either pure or in tablets. The method is based on the reduction of nitrazepam with zinc dust and calcium chloride followed by reacting the reduced compound with trisodium pentacyanoaminoferrate. The reaction gives a violet product having an absorbance maximum at 560 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 25-500 mg/ml of the reaction mixture. The common excipients in tablets do not interfere. The recovery and precision are similar to those of the official B.P. method.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75900_5bd6ad59146a42a469f0749dcfdc5b65.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
143
157
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75901
75901
Original Article
FORMULATION OF INFANTILE EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE SUPPOSITORIES
A. Abd-El Gawad
1
A. Nouh
2
M. El-Shaboury
3
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Ephedrine hydrochloride suppositories were prepared with non-ionic surfactants, and using Witepsol H15, Witepsol W35 and Witepsol E75. Mixtures of H15 + W35 and H15 + E75 in 1:1 ratio were also used. The prepared suppositories were evaluated for physical properties and release characteristics and were found to be base and surfactant dependant. Amount of drug released from the base mixture was found to be higher than those obtained with the individual base. Addition of non-ionic surfactants variably affects the amount of drug released depending on the nature and concentration of the surfactant used. Brij 72 and Myrj 45 were found to decrease the amount of drug released, however Tween 80 increased the release rate. The surfactant composition was found to affect the drug release. In conclusion, it was found that formulation of ephedrine hydrochloride in suppository form, suitable for infantile administration was possible.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75901_75a63970f695a4e008307498c4bb1cbd.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
158
170
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75902
75902
Original Article
INTERACTION OF 1,4-BENZODIAZEPINES WITH CERTAIN MACROMOLECULES: I- EFFECT OF NON-IONIC SURFACTANTS ON THE DISSOLUTION RATE OF TEMAZEPAM
B. Mulley
1
A. Aboutaleb
2
Aly Abdel Rahman
3
S. Ahmed
4
School of Pharmacy, Bradford University, England
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt and School of Pharmacy, Bradford University, England
A recycling and automatic recording system was adopted for studying the dissolution of Temazepam via dispersed particulate and intrinsic dissolution methods. The study involves the effect of concentrations below and above CMC of polysorbates and Myris on the solubility and dissolution rate of Temazepam at 37°C. These Surfactants in low concentrations (below their CMC) caused no change in Temazepam solubility referred to its water solubility.
T50% and RDR (relative dissolution rate) for Temazepam powder were calculated from the dissolution profiles. The presence of the studied surfactants in the dissolution medium caused an increase in the dissolution rate of the drug as demonstrated by a decrease in the T50% and the increase of the RDR. An explanation for these results is offered.
The static disc method of dissolution was adopted in order to investigate the effect of the studied surfactants on the dissolution rate of Temazepam compressed discs. Plots of the amount of Temazepam dissolved, in the presence of the studied surfactants, as a function of time, were linear for the intrensic dissolution of Temazepam discs.
Correlation studies between the used surfactant concentrations and dissolution rate as well as solubility parameters of Temazepam were carried out and analyzed. It is suggested that the dissolution of Temazepam in the presence of the colloidal micellar surfactants is a diffusion controlled process and is related more to the diffusion layer mechanism of dissolution.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75902_dc97268f85d0d7465b7e3439470980ed.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
171
185
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75903
75903
Original Article
INTERACTION OF 1,4-BENZODIAZEPINES WITH CERTAIN MACROMOLECULES: II- CRYSTALLIZATION OF TEMAZEPAM IN PRESENCE OF HYDROPHILIC MACROMOLECULES
B. Mulley
1
A. Aboutaleb
2
Aly Abdel Rahman
3
S. Ahmed
4
School of Pharmacy, Bradford University, England
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt and School of Pharmacy, Bradford University, England
Temazepam was crystallized from either ethanol or ethanol containing different concentrations of polysorbate 80, cetomacrogol 1000, Myrj 52 and PVP 40000 at 50°C. The produced treated crystals, as well as the untreated ones were subjected to solubility and computerized thermal studies, electron scanning microscopic examinations, determination of drug content and dissolution rates using particulate and intrinsic dissolution methods and employing recycling and automatic recording systems.
Crystallization of the investigated drug from ethanol containing the afore-mentioned additives enhanced the dissolution rate to a varying extent, as demonstrated by a decrease in the T50% and the increase in the R.D.R. Decreasing the concentration of cetomacrogol 1000 and polysorbate 80 in the crystallization medium causes a gradual drop in dissolution rates.
Thermal analysis of the produced crystals revealed a negligible change in melting points and a slight change in the enthalpy of fusion (DHf).
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75903_600327db79c55861b52f7d8969e75fa9.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
3009-7703
1985-12-31
8
2
186
203
10.21608/bfsa.1985.75904
75904
Original Article
IN-VITRO STUDY ON THE ADSORPTION OF RIFAMPICIN FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Sayed Ismail
sayed.hussien@pharm.aun.edu.eg
1
Sohair El-Shanawany
2
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
The adsorption of rifampicin has been investigated onto kaolin, talc, magnesium trisilicate, magnesium oxide and avicel pH 101. Adsorption of rifampicin was markedly dependent on the nature of the adsorbent used. The amount of rifampicin adsorbed was found to be in obedience with both Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The extent of the amount adsorbed was correlated with the adsorbent structure. The decreasing order for the affinity of rifampicin to the selected adsorbents was as follows: kaolin > talc > magnesium trisilicate > avicel pH 101 > magnesium oxide.
The effect of different concentrations of polysorbate 80 on the amount of rifampicin adsorbed onto activated charcoal surface has revealed that as the surfactant concentration was increased the amount of the drug adsorbed was correspondingly decreased. The mechanism through which the decrease in the extent of adsorption, in the presence of the surfactant, has been discussed.
https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_75904_a640db8ea93b4b6e77beae333c212e9c.pdf