Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO 50 Hz, 5 mTESLA MAGNETIC FIELD ON SEX HORMONE STATUS IN MALE RATS
187
191
65419
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65419
EN
Yasser M.
Moustafa
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Randa M.
Mostafa
Department of Physiology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Benha, Egypt
Fadel M.
Ali
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Journal Article
2004
03
18
The question of whether extremely low frequency magnetic fields can affect biological system, has attracted attention by many research groups for quite some time. Still today, the theoretical possibility of such an interaction is often questioned and the site of interaction is unknown. In the present study, the influence of Extremely low frequency magnetic field of 50 Hz, 5 mTesla on sex hormone status in male rats was studied. 60 male albino rats, divided into 6 groups of 10 animals each. Animal groups were continuously exposed to 50 Hz, 5 mTesla magnetic field generated by magnetic field chamber for periods of one week, two weeks and four weeks. For each experimental point, sham treated group was used as a control. Assay of serum testosterone hormone, Lutenizing Hormone(LH), Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin hormone were performed. Serum testosterone hormone level showed no significant changes, serum FSH showed significant increased than sham exposed group only after 1 week magnetic field exposure, serum LH showed significant increase than sham exposed group only after 4 weeks magnetic field exposure while serum prolactin hormone level showed significant increase in all magnetic field exposed groups than sham exposed animals. We conclude that exposure to 50 Hz, 5 mTesla magnetic field for periods of 1,2 and 4 weeks has no effect on testosterone level, some changes on FSH and LH serum levels and increase in serum prolactin level.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
NEW 1,4-DISUSTITUTED-6-HYDROXYPERHYDRO-1,4-DIAZEPINE2,3-DIONE DERIVATIVES
193
202
65445
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65445
EN
A. A.
Abuel-Magd
Deptartment of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy
A. A.
El-Shorbagi
Deptartment of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy
M. A.
Hussein
Deptartment of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy
M. M.
Hamdy
Deptartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut-71526, Egypt
A. M.
Abdel-Alim
Deptartment of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy
Journal Article
2004
03
23
A series of 1,4-disubstituted-6-hydroxyperhydro-1,4-diazepine-2,3-diones were designed and synthesized through the reaction of epichlorohydrin with an excess of the appropriate primary amine. The resulting secondary diamine derivatives were allowed to react with diethyl oxalate to afford the target compounds in good yields. Structures of the target compounds were verified on the basis of spectral and elemental methods of analysis. Twelve new derivatives were subjected to preliminary pharmacological screening regarding their CNS depressant activity such as sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant as well as muscle relaxant activities, in addition to evaluation of the hypotensive activity of some representative compounds. Most of the tested compounds gave high percentage reduction in spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) compared with diazepam. Concerning the rota-rod coordination test, mice cannot remain on the rod more than 20 seconds in comparison with the reference drug used indicating a good muscle relaxant activity of the test compounds. Moreover, these compounds gave 100% protection against pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions with a rapid onset of action. On the other hand, most of the test compounds gave mild to comparable reduction in blood pressure in comparison to that produced by using propranolol. Moreover, the acute toxicity (LD50) test was carried out for only one representative compound.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
INFLUENCE OF SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS ON THE ABSORPTIVE CLEARANCE OF RANITIDINE HCl FROM RABBIT INTESTINE
203
214
65443
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65443
EN
Mohammed A.
Osman
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy,Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt, E. mail: mosman4444@yahoo.com
Journal Article
2004
04
10
Ranitidine HCl is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist reducing gastric acid secretion under daytime and nocturnal basal conditions. Ranitidine HCl is 50% absorbed after oral administration. This research was undertaken in order to examine the effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), acetate, propionate, and butyrate on the absorptive clearance of ranitidine HCl as a function of intestinal site (jejunoileum vs ascending-colon). A "through-and-through" in situ intestinal perfusion technique was adopted using the rabbit as an animal model. Coperfusion of either sodium acetate, sodium propionate, or sodium butyrate, 25 mM each, along with ranitidine HCl, 0.2 mM, allowed for an examination of increased solvent drag on intestinal permeability of this compound in both anatomical sites. The results show that ranitidine HCl is absorbed from rabbit jejunoileum as well as the ascending-colon, however the value of the absorptive clearance of this compound normalized to the intestinal length PeA/L in the ascending-colon was almost double that in the jejunoileum. A strong correlation was found between the absorptive clearance and the net water flux in both segments suggesting that the mechanism of ranitidine HCl absorption apparently consists of passive diffusion via the paracellular pathway. The negative value of anatomical reserve length ARL in both segments reflects the incomplete absorption of this compound. SCFAs had a significant effect on increasing the absorptive clearance of ranitidine HCl in both segments studied. This effect was in the order butyrate > propionate > acetate. However there was no statistical difference between the effect of butyrate and propionate. The permeability enhancing effect of SCFAs was much higher in the ascending-colon, this could be attributed to the higher Na+, Cl , and water influx in this segment. In conclusion, marked segmental differences in the absorption of ranitidine HCl are apparent in the rabbit small and large intestine which could be significantly enhanced by the use of SCFAs
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
STABILITY INDICATING SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND DENSITOMETRIC METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ENROFLOXACIN AND FLUMEQUINE
215
222
65447
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65447
EN
Ola M.
Abd Allah
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, E-mail: olamody@yahoo.com
Journal Article
2004
04
10
Two methods were developed for the determination of intact enrofloxacin (ER) and flumequine (FQ) in presence of their degradation products. In the first method, ER and FQ were determined using first derivative ratio spectrophotometric technique (1DD) at 290 nm and 260 nm in the ranges of 1-12 μg ml-1 and 2-14 μg ml-1, respectively. The second method depends on the quantitative densitometric evaluation of thin-layer chromatograms of both drugs. Good linearities were obtained in the range of 1.5-4 μg ml-1 and 4-14 μg ml-1 for ER and FQ respectively. The proposed procedures retained their accuracy in the presence of up to 70% degradation products for the two drugs. The results obtained by applying the proposed methods were statistically analyzed and compared with those obtained by reported methods.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
INVESTIGATION OF POLAR SURFACE AREA AS A NOVEL PARAMETER AFFECTING ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY OF DRUGS
223
235
65451
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65451
EN
Mohammed A.
Osman
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
Gamal M.
El Maghraby
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
Mohsen A.
Hedaya
Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
College of Pharmacy,Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
Journal Article
2004
04
10
Fast and reliable prediction of intestinal absorption is a key factor in drug design. New<br />parameters for this prediction have been introduced recently. These included the hydrogen<br />bonding capacity and the polar surface area (PSA). High PSA accounted for poor oral<br />absorption and vice versa. Here we are investigating the significance of PSA in intestinal<br />absorption of a series of lipophilic steroidal model drugs. These included; Betamethason<br />valerate (BMV), Betamethasone (BM), prednisone (PD) and methyltestosterone (MT), with PSA<br />values of 100.9, 94.83, 91.67 and 37.3 Å, respectively. An in situ intestinal perfusion technique<br />was employed using the rabbit as model animal. The study investigated drug absorption from<br />the jejunoileum and ascending colon. The results revealed good absorption from both segments<br />for all tested drugs except PD which was absorbed from the jejunoileum only. Poor correlation<br />was evident between the absorptive clearance and the net water flux in both segments<br />suggesting mainly a trans-cellular absorption of these compounds. The percentage fraction<br />absorbed (%Fa) was in the order of BMV > MT > BM > PD with the later showing negligible<br />absorption from the ascending colon. These results did not correlate with the calculated PSA<br />values. Accordingly, the octanol/water partition coefficient (log P) was considered. The log P<br />values were, 3.6, 3.36, 1.94 and 1.46 for BMV, MT, BM and PD, respectively. These values<br />correlated with the %Fa values. However, it should be noted that the recorded colonic<br />absorption is against expectation for such lipophilic drugs. In conclusion PSA failed to correlate with the oral absorption of the lipophilic steroids. Although log P correlated well with<br />the absorption of these compounds especially with jejunoileum segment it is advisable not to<br />rely on single factor for predicting oral bioavailability.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW QUINOLINE AND 1H-PYRAZOLO[3,4-b]QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES
237
245
65452
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65452
EN
Monir A-S.
Amin
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University,
Cairo, Egypt
Mohammed M.
Ismail
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Saber E-S.
Barakat
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University,
Cairo, Egypt
Ashraf A-A.
Abdul-Rahman
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University,
Cairo, Egypt
Ashraf H.
Bayomi
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University,
Cairo, Egypt
Kamal M.A.
El-Gamal
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University,
Cairo, Egypt
Journal Article
2004
04
10
Vilsmeier formylation of acetanilide I followed by treatment with hydroxylamine produced<br />2-chloroquinoline-3-carbonitrile II that was condensed with different amines to give 2-<br />substituted aminoquinolines-3-carbonitriles III. Treatment of II with thiourea yielded 2-<br />mercaptoquinoline-3-carbonitrile IV, which was converted to its potassium salt V that was<br />condensed with some chloroacetate esters to produce 2-substituted thioquinoline-3-<br />carbonitriles VI. Hydrazinolysis of II or IV gave 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolin-3-ylamine VII.<br />Condensation of VII with different aryl aldehydes resulted in the corresponding imines VIII.<br />Treatment of VII with p-chloro-benzoyl chloride afforded the amide IX. Some of the synthesized<br />compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
MACRO- AND MICROMORPHOLOGY OF CENTAURIUM PULCHELLUM (Sw.) DRUCE GROWING IN EGYPT
247
267
156602
10.21608/bfsa.2004.156602
EN
M.
A. El-Shanawany
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University
M.
H. Mohamed
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University
A.
A. Khalifa
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University
M.
A. Abd-Allah
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University
Journal Article
2004
04
13
The detailed macro-and micromorphological characters of the stem, leaf, root and flower of Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Druce growing in Egypt have been studied in order to find out the diagnostic features which can help in their identification in both entire and powdered forms.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
APPLICATION OF MULTIVARIATE CALIBRATION AND DERIVATIVE ANALYSIS IN THE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF SOME ASCORBIC ACID PHARMACEUTICAL MIXTURES
269
280
65453
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65453
EN
Ibrahim Hassan
Refaat
Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University,Assiut, Egypt
Journal Article
2004
04
24
Two chemometric assisted spectrophotometric methods; multivariate calibration and zerocrossing<br />first derivative analysis were applied for the determination of ascorbic acid (vitamin<br />C) in its single pharmaceutical formulations and its simultaneous determination in mixtures<br />with either acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin), salicylamide or dipyrone (novalgin). The components<br />of the three mixtures show a considerable degree of spectral overlapping. Resolution of the<br />binary mixtures under investigation has been accomplished by using classical least squares<br />(CLS) or by using the first derivative analysis. Good recoveries were obtained by both methods.<br />In the CLS determintions, the recoveries for the first mixture were 98.761.24 and 98.521.48<br />for ascorbic acid and acetyl salicylic acid respectively. In the second mixture, the recoveries<br />were 100.38 0.38 and 100.630.63 for ascorbic acid and salicylamide respectively. In the<br />third mixture, the recoveries were 100.480.48 and 98.53 1.47 for ascorbic acid and dipyrone<br />respectively. On application of the first derivative method, the recoveries were 97.762.24 and<br />98.601.40 for ascorbic acid and acetyl salicylic acid mixtures; 102.60 2.60 and 100.38 0.38<br />for ascorbic acid and salicylamide; 98.531.47 and 99.28 0.72 for ascorbic acid and dipyrone<br />mixtures. Wavelengthes are given at which ascorbic acid and either of the three combined<br />drugs were simultaneously determined by the first derivative spectrophotometry. The mixtures<br />were simultaneously determined in many commercial dosage forms with high accuracy without<br />interference from the commonly encountered excipients. Good agreement was found between<br />results obtained with the two suggested methods and those obtained by the reported<br />pharmacopoeial methods.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
COMPATIBILITY STUDY OF FAMOTIDINE WITH SOME PHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENTS USING DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
281
291
65454
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65454
EN
A. S. Ali
Ibrahim
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
M.
Hassan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
M. G.
Abd El-Mohsen
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
S. M.
El-Shanawany
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Journal Article
2004
05
05
Famotidine is a member of H2-receptor antagonist drug, which pharmacological action<br />primarily involves antagonism of the action of histamine at its H2-receptors. The incompatibility<br />between famotidine and some commonly used tablet excipients was studied. The investigation<br />was made on Avicel PH 105, Emcocel 90, starch 1500 (Sta-Rx 1500), Emdex, sorbitol,<br />mannitol, cross linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Ac-Di-sol), PEG6000,<br />hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) (natrosol) and saccharin sodium. The investigation is made by<br />DSC, IR and X-ray diffraction analysis. The DSC analysis indicated that there was no<br />interaction between famotidine with Emcocel 90, Avicel PH 105, starch 1500, Ac-Di-sol,<br />mannitol, HEC (natrosol) and saccharin sodium. On the other hand DSC indicated an<br />incompatibility between famotidine and sorbitol, Emdex and PEG6000. The study of IR<br />indicated the interaction between famotidine and PEG6000. X-ray diffraction study was carried<br />out on excipients that showed possible interaction with famotidine during the DSC<br />investigations. Only interaction between famotidine, Emdex and PEG6000 was confirmed.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VIVO EVALUATION OF BUCCOADHESIVE TABLETS OF VERAPAMIL HYDROCHLORIDE
293
306
65455
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65455
EN
Gamal A.
El-Gindy
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egyp
Journal Article
2004
05
27
Controlled-released buccoadhesive tablets of verapamil hydrochloride (VH) were<br />obtained by incorporation of VH in suitable carrier systems standardised based on bioadhesion<br />and dissolution. The carrier systems were formulated using carbomor 974P (CP974P) and<br />hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) or sodium<br />alginate or guar gum as the bioadehsives. Mannitol and polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)<br />were used as solubilizers singly or in combination. The effect of polymer concentration on the<br />release profile and in-vitro bioadhesion of the matrix tablets was studied. Tablet formulations<br />with carbomor 974P (5%), in combination with sodium alginate (20%) or HPMC (20%) showed<br />98% or 79% drug release, respectively after 6 h. The dissolution rate of the drug decreased by<br />increasing CP974P concentration. Controlled-release buccoadhesive tablets containing VH<br />were prepared and evaluated in order to achieve constant plasma concentrations during<br />treatment of chronic hypertension and to improve the bioavailability of VH by the avoidance of<br />hepatic first-pass metabolism. Pharmacological parameters and plasma concentration time<br />curves obtained following buccal administration to rabbits of buccoadhesive tablets showed<br />evidence of sustained release of VH. Bioavailability of VH was approximately two times that<br />achieved after oral administraion of commercial tablets. The formulations were compared using<br />pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC, Cmax and Tmax values.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
LIFESTYLE OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AND THEIR DRUG COMPLIANCE
307
314
65456
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65456
EN
A. R.
Naddaf
Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan, P.O. Box 8, Jordan, 11622
Journal Article
2004
06
26
Hypertension is increasing at an alarming rate in Jordan. The present study was done<br />with the help of 100 hypertensive Jordanian patients. A questionnaire designed specifically for<br />this new study in Jordan was used. The independent variables were: patient background and<br />lifestyle, clinical findings, medications used, alternative therapies and drug compliance. The<br />results were analyzed thoroughly and the findings showed that family history, smoking, stress,<br />obesity, age, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and sedentary lifestyle were the major concomitant risk<br />factors among hypertensive patients. The proportion of each antihypertensive drug prescribed<br />by physicians was mentioned. Such result serve as a reference for physicians, pharmacists, drug<br />manufacturers, and drug distributors, in order to find the place of any studied drug either in the<br />therapy or in the drug marketing in Jordan.<br />Conclusions: The increase in prevalence of hypertension in Jordan was associated with<br />aging, stress factors, obesity and a more sedentary lifestyle. Recommendations on basis of the<br />results were made and the Jordanian health care providers, particularly pharmacists, were<br />asked to improve their roles in the health care team, by counseling patients and providing<br />optimal information in order to reduce the development of hypertension and its complications.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
SIMPLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND SPECTROFLUORIMETRIC METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF TRIMETAZIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE
315
323
65459
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65459
EN
Osama H.
Abdelmageed
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Journal Article
2004
06
29
Two simple and sensitive spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods have been<br />described for the determination of trimetazidine dihydrochloride in bulk and dosage forms. The<br />first method depends on ion pair complexation between the cited drug with two dyes; tropaeloin<br />000 and methyl orange in aqueous medium. All variables affecting the formation of complex<br />were studied and optimized. The coloured products of the drug with tropaeloin 000 and methyl<br />orange were measured at 490 nm and 422 nm respectively, after extraction with chloroform.<br />Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration ranges 4-20 μg ml-1 and 2-12 μg ml-1 for tropaeloin<br />000 and methyl orange respectively. The spectrofluorimetric method depends on the<br />condensation of malonic acid and acetic anhydride under the catalytic effect of trimetazidine<br />dihydrochloride. The condensation product gave two emission maxima measured at 452 nm (λex<br />393 nm) and 470 nm (λex 428 nm). Variables affecting this condensation reaction were studied<br />and optimized. At both maxima of emission good correlation was observed in the range 40-200<br />ng ml-1. The proposed methods were applied successfully for the determination of the cited drug<br />in tablet dosage form without interference from common encountered additives. Percentage<br />recoveries ranged from 98.9% to 99.7% in bulk and 96.9% to 98.3% in tablet dosage forms<br />analysis.
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
ADSORPTION OF PARACETAMOL ON ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
325
330
65460
10.21608/bfsa.2004.65460
EN
Syed Saeed-ul-
Hassan
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Punjab University, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
Khalid
Hussain
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Punjab University, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
Syed Atif
Raza
Department of Pharmaceutic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Punjab University, Allama Iqbal
Campus, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
Nisar- Ur-
Rehman
Department of Pharmacy, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Journal Article
2004
07
10
In Vitro studies were carried out to investigate the adsorption activity of activated<br />charcoal for paracetamol powder and tablets at pH 7.5. The effect of alcohol 6% (v/v) and<br />methionine 0.1 (M) on the adsorption activity of activated charcoal for paracetamol was also<br />investigated at pH 7.5 using charcoal to drug ratios as 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 8:1, 10:1. The adsorption<br />of paracetamol is fast and is 95.6% in 30 minutes. There was no effect on adsorption due to<br />presence of alcohol 6% while methionine 0.1M has little effect on the adsorption of<br />paracetamol as methionine competes for binding sites.<br />It is concluded that activated charcoal is effective in adsorbing paracetamol. Methionine<br />(sulphydryl) compound can be used as an antidote along with activated charcoal because of its<br />negligible effect on adsorption of paracetamol.<br /><br />
Assiut University, Faculty of Pharmacy
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
1110-0052
27
2
2004
12
31
LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE MOLLUSCICIDAL, MIRACIDICIDAL AND CERCARICIDAL PROPERTIES OF TWO EGYPTIAN PLANTS
331
339
156603
10.21608/bfsa.2004.156603
EN
M.
M. Abdel-Gawad
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Warrak El-Hadar, Giza, Egypt
M.
M. El-Sayed
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Warrak El-Hadar, Giza, Egypt
H.
A El-Nahas
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Warrak El-Hadar, Giza, Egypt
E.
S. Abdel-Hameed
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Warrak El-Hadar, Giza, Egypt
Journal Article
2004
08
26
<em>Screening the aqueous suspensions of the dry powders of 50 Egyptian plants against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni in Egypt, revealed that the fruits of Sapindus saponaria Burm. (Family Sapindaceae) as well as the leaves and stems of Buddleia asiatica Lour. (Family Loganiaceae) have high molluscicidal activities (LC<sub>90</sub>= 90 and 180 ppm for the two plants respectively) after 24 hours exposure times. Also, the petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of each plant were separately tested against the same snail species. Results showed that methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of S. saponaria have activities whereas only the methanol extract of B. asiatica was active. Different ages of snails showed variable susceptibility towards the methanol extracts of both plants. Phytochemical investigation of the two plants was carried out and revealed that saponins are the major constituents in both plants so it may be responsible for the molluscicidal effectiveness of the two plants. To confirm this conclusion, the crude saponins of each of the two plants were prepared and they recorded very strong potency against B. alexandrina at 19 and 11 ppm. Also, the larvicidal potencies of the methanolic extract of each plant was tested against S. mansoni cercariae and miracidia. B. asiatica extract was lethal to both larvae at 90 ppm while 45 ppm of S. saponaria was not larvicidal at this concentration. However none of the methanol extracts of the two plants inhibited the hatchability of S. mansoni ova. Now, the two plants will be submitted to different chromatographic techniques to separate their active ingredients.</em>