Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
2
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
3
Department of Veterinary Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
4
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Abstract
Solanum incanum Linn. (Solanaceae) is a perennial bushy herb used to stained teeth among the Kanuri women and in making vegetable soups. This study determined proximate and elemental contents, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of the fruit. The proximate analyses showed the presence of crude fibre, carbonhydrate and crude protein while the elemental analyses revealed the presence of magnesium, calcium and sodium. The fruit contains; saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, cardenolite, glycosides, reducing sugars, phenolics content and flavonoids content. The results of antioxidant showed that the EC50 values for DPPH radicals with aqueous and ethanol fruit extracts of the S. incanum Linn. were found to be 0.02488 and 0.1000 mg/ml, respectively. The aqueous extract showed EC50 value lower than ethanol extract. In conclusion, this results suggested that aqueous extract of S. incanum Linn might contain more potential antioxidant compounds than ethanol extract.
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