Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Master’s Program In Biomedical Sciences, Faculty Of Medicine, University Of Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia 10430
2
Bioinformatics Core Facilities, Indonesian Medical Education And Research Institute, Faculty Of Medicine, University Of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
3
Department Of Child Health, Faculty Of Medicine Universitas Indonesia , Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia.
4
Department Of Microbiology, Faculty Of Medicine, University Of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Abstract
Introduction: Childhood diarrhea is increasing in developing countries like Indonesia, affecting 6.7% of children under five largely due to Escherichia coli.
Method: This review aims to provide an updated review on the latest information on childhood diarrhea in Indonesia and Escherichia coli antibiotic resistance from recent research sources till June 2023 from databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using specific search terms such as diarrhea, children, Morbidity, mortality, Indonesia, Escherichia Coli, and Antibiotic Resistance. It includes articles from nationally and internationally accredited peer-reviewed health journals in both English and Indonesian.
Results: Based on the studies we reviewed, it has been proven that under-five diarrhea is the most common cause of death in children in Indonesia. Our literature analysis also revealed a potential link between gender and the occurrence of diarrhea in children. Furthermore, our analysis identified risk factors, including contaminated water, inadequate sanitation, poor hygiene and suboptimal food hygiene practices as the primary causes of childhood diarrhea in Indonesia. Conversely, other studies reviewed in this paper reveal that E. coli is the most common pathogen responsible for childhood diarrhea in Indonesia. Our study evaluation further reveals that Escherichia coli exhibits a high resistance rate, possibly due to the widespread misuse of antibiotics in the country.
Conclusion: Indonesia's under-five diarrhea is a leading cause of child mortality, with multiple risk factors including sanitation and Escherichia coli Pathogen. Furthermore, the antimicrobial resistance situation in the country has deteriorated.
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