Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
2
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University
3
Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
4
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Assiut, Egypt
5
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt
6
Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Abstract
Despite major advances in therapy, Lung cancer remains the major cause of death among cancer cases. Chalcone/xanthine Hybrid is a synthetic xanthine derivative that was found to exert an anticancer action in various cancer types. Thus, the current study sought to discover if the chalcone/xanthine hybrid influences the etiology of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that the chalcone/xanthine hybrid inhibited cell cycle progression while inducing apoptosis and causing arrest of the cell cycle in HOP-92 cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated that chalcone/xanthine hybrid strongly induced apoptosis in HOP-92 cells, as well as alterations in apoptosis-related protein expression, including an increase in Bax, caspase3, caspase8, caspase-9, P53 expression, as well as a decrease in Bcl-2 expression.
Moreover, the chalcone/xanthine hybrid slowed cell cycle progression from the G1 phase to the S phase. Furthermore, the ratio of phosphorylated proteins (AKT, MEK, ERK½, and P38) to total protein quantity reduced, indicating regulation of downstream protein signaling pathways governing cell cycle growth. Overall, this chalcone/xanthine hybrid may be considered a therapeutic option for NSCLC via apoptosis induction.
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