DEATH OF THP-1 LEUKAEMIA CELLS BY CASSIA FISTULA FLOWER EXTRACT

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata 700107

2 Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology

Abstract

The bioactive components of the plant Cassia fistula L. possess immense biological activities showing anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and hepato-protective roles; therefore, this plant-derived formulations are used in many traditional medicinal systems like Ayurveda and Chinese traditional medicine. In this study, we have explored the death-inducing role of the crude ethanol extract of the flowers of the plant on acute monocytic leukemia derived cell line THP-1 cells. The cytotoxicity of the crude ethanol extract of Cassia flowers was observed on a normal human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293). The anti-cancer efficacy was studied based on the relative fold change in gene expressions of CD95 (Fas), Caspase 3 (CAS 3), Caspase 9 (CAS 9) as well as of cytokines such as Interleukins - IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β; Transforming Growth Factor - TGF β1, TGF β3, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF α), Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFRSF1A) amongst the different experimental sets. We have also studied the detailed phytochemical profiling of the extract using liquid chromatography followed by positive ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The study results indicated a mild up-regulation of the Cas 3 gene, along with a down-regulation of the IL-8 gene. Mixed changes were observed among the other cytokines. The phytochemical profiling of the extract revealed 16 compounds such as aloin A, Neoisoliquiritin, Rutin, Apigenin-6,8-di-C- glycoside, Myricetin hexoside, Patuletin, etc. which might contribute towards the anti-cancer property of the plant.

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